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中国生物医学工程学会
北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司
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2016 Vol. 25, No. 2
Published: 2016-06-01
Research papers
Research papers
47
Clinical Observation on the Effects of Different Doses of Tramadol lnjection for Preemptive Analgesia in Gynaecological Laparoscop
YAO Qun, YAO Li
Objective:
To observe the analgesic effects of tramadol in general anaesthesia for laparoscopic surgery.
Methods:
To operate 80 laparoscopic surgeries under the circumstance of general anaesthesia. Randomly divide them into 4 groups, with 20 cases in each group and the intravenous injection should be finished before the operation. Group Ⅰ: 2 ml normal saline; GroupⅡ: 1.5 ml/kg tramadol; Group Ⅲ: 2 mg/kg tramadol; Group Ⅳ: 2.5 mg/kg tramadol. Use VAS and Ramsay sedation marking system to assess the degree of pain-feeling and sedation in these circumstances: after pulling out oxygen hose, before leaving the operation room and 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 h after the operation. Meanwhile, record such side effects as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, hypersomnia, restless, nightmares, itchy and sweating. Results: The VAS score was significantly lower within postoperative 8 h in Group Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ than that in Group I, while no significant difference was found among GroupⅡ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ at each time point. The postoperative Ramsay sedation score was 0-2 in each group. Incidence of postoperative nausea, vomiting, and sweating were more in Group Ⅱ, Ⅲ and IV than that in Group I. Group Ⅳ and Group I have statistical differences, in which P<0.05 or P<0.01. However, GroupⅡ, Ⅲ and Group Ⅳ have no statistical differences.
Conclusion
The study suggests that preoperative injection of 1.5-2 mg/kg tramadol provides satisfactory preoperative analgesia in patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopy, reducing the use of analgesics and the incidence of side effects.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 47-52 [
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53
Irrelevance of BKCa Channel Expression to VSMCs Phenotype under Shear Stress
JIA Xiao-ling, YANG Jing-yun, YANG Liu, LI Ping, SONG Wei, FAN Yu-bo
Large conductance Ca2+-activated K+(BKCa) channel exhibits a phenotype-dependent expression on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which prefers to contractile phenotype. Meanwhile, shear stress definitely influences VSMCs proliferation and contraction. Thereby, a hypothesis was raised, would shear stress change the BKCa expression and correlate with VSMC phenotype? In order to investigate it, VSMCs were exposed to shear stress in a parallel-plate flow chamber with 12 dynes/cm2 for 12 h. Subsequently, the effect of shear stress on VSMC proliferation, BKCa channel expression and contractile phenotype marker, α-smooth muscle cell actin (α-SMA) and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC), was determined by immunofluorescence microscopy, flow cytometery as well as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Data show that shear stress enhanced the expression of BKCa channel while inhibiting VSMC proliferation. Paralleled to those phenomena, the expression of both α-SMA and SM-MHC were decreased significantly. These results demonstrated that upregulation of BKCa channel was irrelevant to the maintenance VSMC of contractile phenotype under shear stress. This finding provides a new insight into understanding the correlation of BKCa channel and VSMC phenotype.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 53-64 [
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65
Fatigue Analysis and Evaluation Method of Ergonomic Virtual Human
LI Yun, ZU Xiao-qi, ZHOU Qian-xiang
The ergonomic digital design and evaluation of man-machine system is the main application fields of virtual human technology. Because of the complexity of physical person and uncertainty of fatigue generation mechanism, it is difficult to express and evaluate the Virtual Human's fatigue state. This paper summarizes the characteristics of virtual human's fatigue evaluation, such as undeterminable, invisible, the constraint conditions can been used. Viewed from the strengths and weaknesses of preexisting models, metabolic energy expenditure model, dynamic muscle fatigue model and a model to assess fatigue at joint-level using the half-joint concept, this paper puts forward the future development trend that the combination of subjective and objective, diversification of the analyzable motion, real-time and visual expression.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 65-68 [
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69
The Practice of Hospital Intranet Terminal Access Control Solution
QI Shi-tao, TANG Li-ming
Along with the increasingly urgent management needs of intranet terminals in hospital, and large scaled deployment of terminal management system,terminal access control has become one of the standard functions of terminal management. This paper mainly aims at some simple research for the system construction of hospital intranet terminal access control.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 69-75 [
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76
An Improved Phase Retrieval Algorithm for X-ray In-line Phase-Contrast Imaging
GUO Yun-feng, ZHUANG Tian-ge， SUN Jian-qi
Phase contrast imaging technique has been improved promptly in recent years. Among these techniques in-line phase-contrast imaging is widely used. Various algorithms for in-line phase retrieval have been proposed so far such as TIE (transport of intensity equation), CTF(contrast transfer function), first born-approximations, GSF (Gerchberg-Saxton-Fienup), etc. Bronnikov's algorithm(BA) is a type of linear algorithm that is simple and efficient. But it can only be used without absorption situations. In this paper, an improved algorithm based on BA was presented. The approach adds Δφ(x,y) to the phase map φb(x,y) retrieved by BA to make the reconstructed phase map more precise. Further, the approach was evaluated on simulated images and confirmed to be accurate at higher absorption rates.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 76-80 [
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81
A Method for Increasing X-ray Protection Capability Based on Photonic Crystal Technology
LI Ping, QIAO Xiao-lan, ZHAO Peng, LUO En-si, YANG Chao
In this paper, we propose a method to improve anti-radiation capability by coating heavy metal X-ray protection glass with compound photonic crystal layers, based on the unique property of photonic crystal that light cannot be propagated within the range of band gaps. Using the plane wave expansion method, we made a theoretical study of parameters affecting the band gap structures of one-dimensional photonic crystals. Based on the findings, we chose appropriate materials and compound structure of photonic crystal so as to get high X-ray reflection coating photonic crystal layers. By this method, the reflection rate within X-ray wavelength can reach the maximum value of 100%, and the average value of over 90%. Even low-cost heavy metal X-ray protection glass of absorption coefficient value can achieve the desired effect. Thus, this method greatly decreases the anti-radiation requirements of heavy X-ray protection glass.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 81-86 [
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87
Effect of Accessory Retention Forms on the Bond Strength of Resin-bonded Fixed Partial Dentures: a 3D Finite Element Study
HAN Jin-yong, WANG Chao, FAN Yu-bo
Interface debonding between prostheses and abutments was the most frequent failure mode of resin-bonded fixed partials dentures (RBFPDs) in clinic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of accessory retention forms on the bond strength of RBFPDs. Three types of 3D finite element models were constructed. The model of posterior metal plate RBFPD with spoon-shaped occlusal rest seats served as the control. The remaining two types of models based on the control added the retention form design of the pin hole and axial groove respectively. The axial or buccolingual load of 150 N was applied on the prosthesis, first premolar and first molar respectively. The maximum principal stresses of the adhesive layer in different models were calculated. Under the load of the same magnitude, the stress due to the buccolingual load was significantly higher than that due to the axial load in the adhesive layer. The proximal shoulder, occlusal rest seats wall and the proximal margin adjacent to the shoulder were the high risk region where the adhesive layer damaged easily. Compared with the control model, the pin and groove models could slightly decrease the stress in the adhesive layer after the axial loading, while the stress in the adhesive layer drastically decreased after horizontal loading and reduced by 22% and 31% respectively. These results indicate that the horizontal occlusal force has a more serious harm to the debonding of RBFPDs. In addition, the accessory retention forms (e.g. pin and axial groove retention forms) can decrease the stress level in the adhesive layer, which are conducive to increase the load-bearing capacity of RBFPDs.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 87-92 [
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93
Phase-contrast Imaging Simulation Based on a Micro-CT System
GUI Jian-bao, ZOU Jing, RONG Jun-yan, HU Zhan-li, ZHANG Qi-yang, ZHENG Hai-rong, XIA Dan
Propagation-based phase-contrast imaging was simulated based on paraxial Fresnel-Kirchoff diffraction integral and spherical wave illumination. Under a developed micro-CT system parameters, the effects of focal-spot size and imaging geometry on phase-contrast imaging have been investigated using a 2-mm-thickness polystyrene edge phantom. An equivalent mono-energy was used to substitute the polychromatic spectrum of the micro-focus X-ray source. To consider effects of focal-spot size and detector resolution, the obtained phase-contrast image with an ideal point source was convolved with source intensity distribution and point spread function of detector. Simulations show reasonable influences of the two parameters which are in good agreement with experimental results.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 93-98 [
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