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	中国生物医学工程学会

	北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司

2023 Vol. 32, No. 3 Published: 2023-09-30

Research papers

Research papers

	93	The Effect of Internal Heat Acupuncture on the Tolerance Time of Plantar Hot Plate and Pain Threshold of Gastrocnemius Muscle in Rats with Chronic Myofascial Pain Syndrome
		CAI Na-li, ZHOU Jian-ying, WU Xian-yan
		*Objective:* To investigate the effect of internal heat acupuncture on the tolerance time of plantar hot plate and the pain threshold of gastrocnemius in rats with chronic myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). *Methods:* A total of 80 adult Wistar rats were randomly selected to establish chronic MPS rat models, and randomly divided into four groups: control group, acupuncture group, internal heat acupuncture group A, and internal heat acupuncture group B, with 20 rats in each group. The rats in the control group were not given any treatment, and the rats in the acupuncture group were only given acupuncture treatment. The rats in group A were treated with internal heat acupuncture (needle heating up to 42℃), and the rats in group B were treated with internal heat acupuncture (needle heating up to 44℃). The tolerance time of plantar hot plate, the pain threshold of gastrocnemius muscle and the level of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were observed and compared before modeling, 1 d before treatment, and 1, 7 and 14 d after treatment. *Results:* There were significant differences in hot plate tolerance time, time and interaction among the four groups (P<0.05), as well as in gastrocnemius tenderness threshold, time and interaction among the four groups (P<0.05), and there were also significant differences in TNF-α level among the three groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the number of electric shocks, time and interaction among the four groups (P<0.05). *Conclusion:* In contrast to conventional acupuncture treatment, internal heat acupuncture demonstrates greater efficacy in extending the tolerance duration of hot plate exposure and enhancing the pain threshold of the gastrocnemius muscle in rats afflicted with myofascial pain syndrome. Additionally, it accelerates the amelioration of inflammatory markers and motor function. However, it is important to note that the therapeutic impact of internal heat acupuncture may be influenced by its temperature, with 44℃ being the most effective in this research.
		2023 Vol. 32 (3): 93-99 [Abstract] ( 15 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (4716 KB) ( 2 )

	100	Preparation of Curcumin Chitosan Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Free Radical Injury in Mice with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia
		FU Jin-hua
		*Objective:* Curcumin(Cur) and Chitosan(CS) were utilized as primary components for the production of curcumin chitosan nanoparticles. The impact of these nanoparticles on oxidative stress in mycoplasma pneumoniae-infected mice was assessed. *Methods:* The drug loading and entrapment efficiency of Cur-CS nanoparticles were determined for various feeding ratios, and the release profiles of Cur-CS nanoparticles in different release media were investigated using the dynamic membrane dialysis method. The mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP) mouse model was created through the infection of mice with mycoplasma pneumoniae. The mice were then allocated randomly into five groups: a blank control group, an MPP model group, a low Cur-CS dose group, a middle Cur-CS dose group, and a high Cur-CS dose group, each consisting of 7 mice. The study compared the levels of antioxidant enzymes and phospholipid peroxide content in the lung tissue of mice across various experimental groups. *Results:* The findings indicated that the drug loading of nanoparticles escalated from 2.10% to 11.74% as the feed ratio of Cur to CS increased from 1∶ 20 to 1∶ 2.5. Concurrently, as drug loading increased, the entrapment efficiency of nanoparticles decreased from 85.33% to 58.92%. The cumulative release rate of Cur was 95.3% after 24 h, whereas the cumulative release rate of Cur-CS nanoparticles was only 94.3% after 48 h. Analysis of the lung tissue samples indicated that the levels of SOD [(76.17±9.36) U/ml, (86.23±10.09) U/ml, (98.06±11.12) U/ml] and GSH-Px[(19.75±2.22) U/ml, (23.92±2.53) U/ml, (27.23±2.67) U/ml] were significantly higher than those in the MPP model group(P<0.05). *Conclusion:* This suggests that curcumin chitosan nanoparticles may be suitable for antioxidant treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae in mice, and can dose-dependently inhibit the release of oxygen free radicals in the lung tissue of MPP mice. This finding may offer a new avenue for the development of therapeutic drug carriers for MPP.
		2023 Vol. 32 (3): 100-108 [Abstract] ( 10 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (5639 KB) ( 3 )

	109	Study on the Correlation between IL-6, SAA, CRP and Exertional Heat Stroke in Rats
		QUE Guo-wen, LIAO Yu-qin
		*Objective:* To investigate the correlation between interleukin-6(IL-6), serum amyloid A(SAA), C-reactive protein(CRP) and exertional heat stroke in rats. *Methods:* A total of 90 adult Sprague-Dawley rats without specific pathogens were randomly divided into three groups: control group, classical group and exertion group, with 30 rats in each group. The control group was maintained at a temperature of(26±1)℃ and humidity of (60±5)%, while the classical and exertion groups were exposed to a temperature of (40±0.5)℃ and humidity of (70±5)%. Additionally, the exertion group underwent treadmill running under these conditions. The levels of IL-6, SAA, and CRP in the three groups were assessed and compared at various time points: before modeling, immediately after onset, and at 2, 4, and 8 h after onset. Furthermore, Spearman correlation analysis was employed to examine. *Results:* The findings from the repeated measures analysis of variance indicated significant variations in the levels of IL-6, SAA, and CRP across the three groups(P<0.05). Both the classic and exertion groups exhibited higher levels of IL-6, SAA, and CRP compared to the control group, with the exertion group demonstrating even higher levels than the classic group (P<0.05). Additionally, Spearman correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between the onset of heat stroke and the levels of IL-6, SAA, and CRP at the onset, as well as at 2, 4, and 8 h post-onset (P<0.05). Furthermore, the types of heat stroke were found to be positively correlated with the levels of IL-6, SAA and CRP(P<0.05). *Conclusion:* The initiation and nature of heat stroke in rats are significantly associated with the concentrations of IL-6, SAA, and CRP. The concentrations of IL-6, SAA, and CRP within 8 h of onset can reliably forecast the occurrence of heat stroke in rats, serving as a basis for distinguishing classical heat stroke from exertional heat stroke. Nevertheless, the predictive and differentiating efficacy may diminish as the onset time prolongs.
		2023 Vol. 32 (3): 109-115 [Abstract] ( 13 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (3965 KB) ( 3 )

	116	Dynamics Study on the Changes of Structure and Function of Erythrocyte Plasma Membrane under Different Storage Conditions
		QUE Qing-he, CHEN Wei-mei, ZHONG Chang-rui
		*Objective:* Red blood cells are the predominant blood cell component utilized in transfusion therapy. Nevertheless, prolonged storage and the buildup of metabolites can lead to alterations in the structure and function of the plasma membrane of RBCs, thereby impacting their quality. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the evolving dynamics of erythrocyte plasma membrane structure and function under varying storage conditions. *Methods:* A two-factor, three-level experimental design was employed to investigate the impact of storage temperature (-4℃, 4℃, and 10℃) on the composition of erythrocyte membrane phospholipids. High performance liquid chromatography was utilized to analyze the phospholipid composition at 1, 7, and 14 d of storage. Additionally, the osmotic fragility of the erythrocyte membrane was assessed using the NaCl solution induction method, and the effective oxygen carrying capacity and oxygen affinity were determined using a blood oxygen analyzer. *Results:* The findings indicated that the integrity of erythrocyte membranes could be adequately preserved at a temperature of -4℃. In contrast to the groups stored at 4℃ and 10℃, there were no notable alterations in the phospholipid composition of erythrocyte membranes and related functional indicators at various time points in the -4℃ group. The erythrocyte membrane osmotic fragility in the -4℃ group was(0.49±0.05)%, indicating sustained lower levels and suggesting the effective maintenance of cell membrane integrity. Storing erythrocytes at -4℃ did not have any detrimental impact on their ability to transport oxygen, as evidenced by the maintenance of normal effective oxygen carrying capacity (29.08±1.59) ml and oxygen affinity (5.33±0.48) mmHg. *Conclusion:* The findings indicate that erythrocytes can be stored at -4℃ for an extended period, with shorter stability observed at 4℃ and 10℃. These results offer insights for optimizing the storage duration of erythrocyte products for specific applications. Furthermore, this research holds relevance for informing the development of quality standards for erythrocyte products.
		2023 Vol. 32 (3): 116-123 [Abstract] ( 11 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (6107 KB) ( 5 )

	124	Effect of Murine Nerve Growth Factor and Sodium Ganglioside on the Levels of NF-kB p56, TLR-4 and MyD88 in Hippocampus of Epileptic Rats
		RAO Zhi-hui, LIANG Hai-ying, XIANG Yan-chun
		*Objective:* Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological condition, and NF-kB, TLR-4, and MyD88 are significant contributors to its development. Murine nerve growth factor (NGF) and monosialotetrahexosylganlioside sodium for injection (MSI) are essential neurotrophic medications, yet their regulatory mechanism in the pathogenesis of epilepsy remains uncertain. The aim of this research was to examine the impacts of NGF and MSI on nuclear factor-kB(NF-kB) p65, toll-like receptor 4(TLR-4), and myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88(MyD88) in order to clarify their mechanisms of action in the management of epilepsy. *Methods:* A total of 40 SD rats were randomly assigned to one of five groups: blank, model, NGF model, MSI model, and NGF+MSI model. Epileptic rat models were induced through intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride and pilocarpine solution. The rats' body mass and behavioral traits were subsequently observed. The Western blotting technique was utilized to detect the levels of NF-kB p65, TLR-4, and MyD88. *Results:* The findings indicated a more pronounced increase in body mass among the four groups prior to sacrifice, as compared to the model group. Notably, the NGF+MSI model group exhibited significant enhancements in food intake, activity, and body weight. The frequency of seizures in NGF group, MSI group, and NGF+MSI group were (5.33±1.15), (4.33±1.03), and (2.66±1.33) times/7 d, respectively, with neuronal apoptosis rates being (23.17±2.91), (21.38±3.07), (18.19±2.14)% times/7 d, respectively, which were lower than those in the model group. The levels of NF-kB p56, TLR-4, and MyD88 in the hippocampus were reduced in the model group compared to the three treatment groups. Furthermore, the expression levels in the NGF+MSI model group closely resembled those in the control group(P>0.05). *Conclusion:* Thorough examination revealed that NGF and MSI, either individually or in conjunction, were capable of suppressing the activation of the NF-kB pathway and enhancing the TLR-4/MyD88 signaling pathway to exert an antiepileptic influence. Furthermore, the combined administration of NGF and MSI demonstrated greater efficacy in safeguarding hippocampal neurons in epileptic rats.
		2023 Vol. 32 (3): 124-130 [Abstract] ( 8 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (4518 KB) ( 3 )

	131	Effects of Nano-patterning Modification on the Cell Proliferation and Adhesion in Burn Wound Healing of Regenerated Silk Fibroin Membrane
		ZHANG Yan-ping, WEN Yu-qing
		*Objective:* To investigate the effect of nano-patterning modification on the cell proliferation and adhesion in burn wound healing of regenerated silk fibroin membrane. *Methods:* A total of 60 healthy SD mice were randomly divided into three groups: group A received treatment involving nano-patterning on the surface of regenerated silk fibroin membrane, group B received treatment with recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel, and group C received the same treatment with recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel, with 20 cases in each group. Wound healing, surface structure, protein adsorption, cell proliferation and adhesion were assessed at intervals of 5th, 15th and 25th d after treatment. *Results:* The findings indicated that: (1)The duration and pace of wound healing in groups A and B surpassed those of group C, with group A exhibiting superior results compared to group B (P<0.05); (2)Histopathological analysis revealed a progressive increase in neovascularization and fibroblast count in wound tissue across the 5th, 15th, and 25th days for all three groups, with group C exhibiting a higher count of neovascularization and fibroblasts in unhealed tissue compared to groups A and B.(3)The levels of basic calponin expression in group A and group B showed an increase on the 5th and 15th day, followed by stabilization on the 25th day. In group C, the expression of basic calponin was initially high on the 5th day, and then stabilized on the 15th and 25th day (P<0.05); (4)The expression of fibroblast proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the wound tissue of mice in all three groups peaked on the 15th day and subsequently declined. The expression of PCNA in group A and group B was higher than that in group C at each time point, with group A exhibiting higher levels than group B (P<0.05); (5)As wounds healed, there was a reduction in apoptotic cells within the wound tissues of mice across three groups, with group a exhibiting a lower count compared to groups B and C (P<0.05). *Conclusion:* Nanopatterning on the surface of regenerated silk fibroin membrane can enhance the biocompatibility of burn wound treatment and promote the proliferation and adhesion of reparative cells.
		2023 Vol. 32 (3): 131-138 [Abstract] ( 13 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (4624 KB) ( 3 )

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