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中国生物医学工程学会
北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司
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2020 Vol. 29, No. 3
Published: 2020-09-01
1
A Design of Software and Hardware System for Pre-hospital Emergency Treatment
Bingxu Ye, Feng Chen, Shaomin Ou, Yang Xie, Yaowen Chen
This paper aims to improve the pre-hospital first-aid knowledge and pre-hospital first-aid success rate and optimize the pre-hospital emergency system. This paper mainly discusses a comprehensive pre-hospital emergency system, which consists of the hardware part and software part. The hardware is based on the international cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines, and a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training auxiliary equipment is developed, which can be applied in pre-hospital first aid training to help people perform accurate chest compressions. The software part is based on the WeChat applet platform to set up a pre-hospital first-aid dispatching system that connects callers and CPR rescuers. The software system effectively improves the pre-hospital CPR first-aid system and increases the rescue success rate of cardiac arrest patients.
2020 Vol. 29 (3): 1-9 [
Abstract
] (
127
)
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(1 KB)
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(430 KB) (
198
)
10
Establishment of Visual Fear Conditioning in Long-evans Rats
Xiaoyuan Li, Yun Liu, Hongyu Si, Peng Wu, Zhenlong Wang
The neural mechanisms underlying visual information transmission and coding are currently attracting the attention of neuroscience and brain-like computing scholars. The subcortical visual pathway is known to affect fear emotion regulation via the amygdala; however an experimental paradigm for visual fear cognition training remains undefined. In this study,Long-Evans (LE) rats were used to develop an experimental training paradigm for visual cognition-associated fear conditioning based on the Pavlovian conditioning reflex. Simple images were shown on a unilateral screen (conditioned stimulus) were combined with electric foot shocks (unconditioned stimulus). We designed training paradigms and set up an estimated index using the rate of successful active escape. The training results were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA,and curve fitting was used to analyze the influence of decision time between the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) on choice behavior. While neither the CS nor US had a significant effect on visual fear association training in LE rats,the decision time duration (CS-US) did have an impact on training. The method described here is most effective in establishing visual fear associations in rats when the (CS-UC)=10 s. This study describes a new experimental training paradigm for fear conditioning using visual stimuli and a quantitative evaluation standard according to the training mode of visual stimulation graphics. Moreover,it is an efficient paradigm for future study on visual information-processing mechanisms in the subcortical visual pathway during fear conditioning.
2020 Vol. 29 (3): 10-17 [
Abstract
] (
111
)
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(1 KB)
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(364 KB) (
137
)
18
Polymethyl Methacrylate-Collagen-Magnesium Hydroxyapatite Bone Cement Preparation for Orthopedic Application
Dina Raheem, Zainab Majid
In this research,bone cement was prepared by mixing 2 g of magnesium hydroxyapatite (laboratory synthesized),12 g of polymethyl methacrylate,4 g of methyl methacrylate,and collagen (1,3,and 6 g). The samples were molded in a circular shape. They were inspected by visual microscopy,FTIR,XRD,and FESEM. They were engrossed in synthesized simulated body fluid for 1 month and then inspected by visual microscopy,FTIR,XRD,and FESEM. The samples prepared from 6 g of collagen showed the highest hydroxyapatite formation (high osseointegration) than the other samples.
2020 Vol. 29 (3): 18-23 [
Abstract
] (
199
)
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(1 KB)
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(690 KB) (
207
)
24
Comparison of Volumetric and Dosimetric Variations in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma during Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy with and without Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Zhaodong Fei, Yi Li, Xiufang Qiu, Yingying Huang, Li Li, Chuanben Chen
Objective
Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) undergoing intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) may experience significant volumetric and dosimetric variations throughout the treatment course. However,neoadjuvant chemotherapy may reduce the extent of these variations. This study was carried out to evaluate volumetric and dosimetric changes in target volumes and organs at risk (OARs) during IMRT in patients with locally advanced NPC who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) alone or in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).
Methods
35 NPC patients were recruited for this study and divided into the NACT (
n
=15) and CCRT (
n
=20) groups. Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed before neoadjuvant chemotherapy,before IMRT,before the 24th fraction of IMRT,and after treatment. The original plan (plan 0) was based on CT images collected before IMRT. Hybrid plan 1 (plan 1) and hybrid plan 2 (plan 2) were generated by applying the beam configurations of plan0 to the CT scans collected before the 24th fraction of IMRT and after treatment. Volumetric and dosimetric variations were assessed by comparing the results of plan 0 with those of plan 1 and plan 2.
Results
In the NACT group,compared with that in plan 0,the primary gross tumor volume (GTVnx) decreased by 33.2%±18.4% and 50.5%±12.6% in plan1 and plan 2,respectively. In the CCRT group,the corresponding reduction rates in plan 1 and plan 2 were 49.4%±8.0% and 77.8%±28.1%,respectively. The volume decrease rates in the NACT group were less than those in the CCRT group (
P
<0.001). In the NACT group,compared with that of plan 0,the dose to 95% of the volume (D
95
) for the planning target volume of the primary tumor (PTV
nx
) decreased by 1.0%±0.7% and 0.6%±0.6% in plan 1 and plan 2,respectively. In the CCRT group,the corresponding decrease rates in plan 1 and plan 2 were 4.2%±3.8% and 6.1%±6.3%,respectively. The decrease rate of D
95
for PTVnx in the NACT group was less than that in the CCRT group (
P
<0.001). Similar results among the plans were found in terms of D
99
,D
mean
,V
93
for PTV
nx
and PTV
nd
,and D
mean
for the parotid glands.
Conclusion
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy reduces the extent of volumetric and dosimetric variations in target volumes and OARs during IMRT and,thus,helps achieve better target volume coverage,protects adjacent important structures,and minimizes unnecessary replanning during radiotherapy.
2020 Vol. 29 (3): 24-32 [
Abstract
] (
82
)
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(1 KB)
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(295 KB) (
151
)
33
Application Value of Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Atypical Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Bo Li, Naixin Wang, Dazhi Sun, Lixin Liu
Objective
This study aims to explore the application value of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of atypical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods
80 patients with atypical HCC who were admitted to our hospital from August 2018 to February 2020 were selected as the research subjects. All patients underwent dynamic computed tomography (CT) enhancement scans,and then multimodal MRI scans,including an MRI plain scan,dynamic contrast-enhancement (DCE),and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Then,the image data were analyzed.
Results
The diagnostic accuracy of the observation group (95.00%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (75.00%). This difference was statistically significant (
χ
2
=6.128,
P
<0.05).With the increase of the b value,the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the liver tissue and liver cancer tissue gradually decreased. Compared with normal liver tissue,the ADC value of liver cancer tissue was significantly lower than that of normal liver tissue (
P
<0.05). A plain MRI scan of 89 lesions,DCE examination of 93 lesions,(1)7 lesions were slow-rising and fast-falling; (2)72 lesions were fast-rising and fast-falling; (3)10 were platform-type lesions; (4)4 lesions had no enhancement.
Conclusion
The diagnostic efficiency of a multimodal MRI in the diagnosis of atypical HCC is high,and it has particular clinical application value.
2020 Vol. 29 (3): 33-39 [
Abstract
] (
117
)
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(1 KB)
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(342 KB) (
126
)
40
Dose Calculation Accuracy of Individualized Bulk Electron Density Assignment Approaches for Simulated MRI-only Planning of Thoracic Tumors
Shuxu Zhang, Qingxing Zeng, Yuliang Liao, Shengqu Lin, Guoquan Zhang, Huaiyu Lei, Ruihao Wang, Hui Yu, Quanbin Zhang, Ping Li
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the dose calculation accuracy of individualized bulk electron density (IBED) assignment approaches for simulated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-only planning of thoracic tumors via the use of a 3DVH system.
Methods
8 patients with thoracic cancer were included in this study. Based on standard planning CT,single-arc dynamic conformal therapy (DCT) and double-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans with a 6 MV photon beam were generated as a baseline plan (Plan-CT) for each patient. The simulated MRI-only planning (Plan-IBED) was implemented by copying the Plan-CT and forcing the electron density of each region of interest to its average value and recalculating the dose distribution. A 3DVH system was used to visualize and compare the dosimetric differences between Plan-CT and Plan-IBED,and the criteria of the 3D-Gamma pass rate were set to 1.0%/1.0 mm.
Results
The maximum percentage relative deviation (MPRD) of the dosimetric parameters D
2
,D
95
,D
98
,and D
mean
of planning tumor volumes (PTVs) between Plan-CT and Plan-IBED was less than 1.3%. The MPRD of the average dose for organs at risk (OARs) was less than 1.5%. The MPRDs of the lung V
5
,V
20
,and V
30
were 1.29%,3.26%,and 2.78%,respectively. Gamma analysis revealed an averaged pass rate of >95.0% for the body,as well as between 91.9% and 98.2% for OARs.
Conclusion
The proposed IBED assignment in simulated MRI-only treatment planning allows for dose calculation with comparable accuracy to the baseline plan and is appropriate for thoracic tumors.
2020 Vol. 29 (3): 40-46 [
Abstract
] (
95
)
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(1 KB)
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(327 KB) (
151
)
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