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2020年 29卷 1期
刊出日期：2020-03-01
1
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Its Detection Based on Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequencing
Qianqian Dai, Xiaoli Cao
The genomic DNA is the organism's various physiological and pathological characteristics of the material base. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) is the genome of the most common form of genetic variation in the human genome widespread. With the completion of the Human Genome Project to stimulate, there is growing focus on research developed in this latest 3rd generation of genetic markers of practical significance. This paper describes the classification of SNPs and characteristics of the human genome SNP s research and development and the present in today's practice, the application of design experiments to explore the direct sequencing of amplified using PCR-based method showed that SNPs.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 1-8 [
摘要
] (
191
)
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(1 KB)
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(497 KB) (
180
)
9
Dosimetry Study of High Dose Rate Flattening Filter-Free Radiation on the Protection of Lumbosacral Spine and Pelvic Bone Marrow
Xiufeng Cong, Jun Chen, Xiaoting Zhang, Zaiming Lu
Objective
This study aimed to analyze the dosimetric parameters of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and dynamic multileaf collimator (DMLC) plans with lumbosacral spine (LS) and pelvic bone marrow (PBM) sparing in the flattening filter-free (FFF) model.
Methods
Thirty patients with cervical cancer were selected for analysis. For each patient, four plans with different strategies were generated: VMAT_FF, VMAT_FFF, DMLC_FF, and DMLC_FFF. Dose volumes for organs at risk, conformity index, heterogeneity index (HI), and total number of machine unit (MU) were compared by paired t-test.
Result
Compared with plans in the FF model, the irradiated dose to LS significantly decreased both VMAT_FFF and DMLC_FFF plans in the FFF model while the MU increased. The mean dose of LS decreased by 107.2 cGy (
P
<0.05) in the VMAT_FFF plan. In comparison with the VMAT plans in both models of FF and FFF, the DMLC plans reduced the dose volume of 10 Gy by 5.9% (
P
<0.05), and the mean dose of LS was 189.6-293.1 cGy. The PBM volume receiving 40 Gy showed a decrease of 0.5%-1.1% (
P
<0.05) as well. The HI increased in the VMAT plans by approximately 0.053 and 0.039.
Conclusion
The DMLC plans exhibited the best sparing of the PBM and LS in both FF and FFF models and increased the HI. The plans in the FFF model could limit the volume dose of LS but increase the MU.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 9-15 [
摘要
] (
192
)
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(1 KB)
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147
)
16
Predicting Total Dwell Time of IPSA Plan Based on Machine Learning and Dose Calculation Models
Xiufeng Cong, Jun Chen, Jingchao Zhang, Xiaoting Zhang, Wei Zheng
Objective
To establish two models based on machine learning and dose calculation algorithm that can be used for the prediction of the total dwell time and rapid quality control of brachytherapy plans.
Methods
A total of 1042 cases of treated gynecologic oncology patients were selected, of which 512 were used as training data to establish the model and the rest were used as test data. Each treatment plan optimized by inverse planning simulated annealing with all three catheters of the Fletcher applicator. The source strength S
k
, prescription dose D, source dwell time t, and tumor volume V were recorded for each case.
R
V
was defined as S
k
·t/D. In accordance with the prescription dosage calculation formula in the planning system and machine learning method, the following equations were established:
R
V
=kV
2/3
and
R
V
=a+b·V+c·V
2
. The
R
2
correlation coefficient represents the accuracy of the results.
Result
The dose calculation algorithm-based model is
R
V
=1272×V
2/3
,
R
2
=0.959, whereas the machine learning-based model is
R
V
=258.8×V-0.359×V
2
+5110
,
R
2
=0.961. The treatment time prediction of the two models, each having 13 and 15 cases, respectively, has an error rate of more than 10%, and the dose calculation algorithm -based method is more accurate.
Conclusion
The treatment time can be quickly predicted according to the planning target volume, and the two prediction models can be used as a way of quality control.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 16-20 [
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] (
179
)
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(1 KB)
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141
)
21
Comparison and Enlightenment of Emergency Response Measures between Costa Serena and Diamond Princess in Response to New Coronavirus Pneumonia
Wenlong He, Shuang Liu, Jindi Zhu, Shengchang Cui, Bei Zhu
This article analyzes the basic situation of the cruise ship Costa Serena and Princess Diamond and the emergency treatment and control measures in response to the novel coronavirus epidemic, investigates the management differences between the two cruise ships and puts forward relevant suggestions.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 21-27 [
摘要
] (
114
)
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(1 KB)
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(275 KB) (
140
)
28
Analysis of Computed Tomography Manifestations in Three Familial Clusters of New Coronavirus Pneumonia
Xuanhe Zhou, Chen Chen, Changlu Yu
Objective
To investigate the computed tomography (CT) characteristics of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia patients in familial clusters.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted in the COVID-19 pneumonia patients (4 males and 3 females) of 3 familial clusters admitted to Tianjin Third Central Hospital from January 30 to February 10, 2020 and confirmed by the Tianjin expert group. The clinical data and CT findings were analyzed.
Result
The CT signs were consistent with the typical manifestations in the three family clusters: multiple ground-glass opacity (GGOs) in both lungs that are mainly under the pleura, with or without thickening of small pulmonary vessels. In the first family, the couple had the onset at the same time, the CT findings were positive and were confirmed as COVID-19 pneumonia. In the second family, the wife had the onset first and showed positive at the first CT exam; the husband had the onset afterwards and showed positive at the first CT. In the third family, the couple had the onset at the same time, the husband was positive at the first CT diagnosis, while the wife showed negative at the first CT but positive at the second CT exam; the husband's brother was asymptomatic, but was positive at the first CT diagnosis. All three were confirmed as COVID-19 infection.
Conclusion
There are differences between the CT manifestations and clinical symptom in different COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Correct understanding of the differences is beneficial to diagnosis.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 28-33 [
摘要
] (
203
)
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(1 KB)
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(760 KB) (
124
)
34
Analysis and Interpretation of Detection Results of Novel Coronavirus Nucleic Acids and Specific Antibodies
Dongliang Li, Jia Ye, Yunhua Yu, Guoqing Yu, Chuanshen Jiang, Xianliang Lin, Wenfeng Lin, Youguang Lu
The novel coronavirus (2019 novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) is a newly emerged virus. Therefore, the nucleic acid detection technology and serum immunological detection technology established urgently in emergencies have certain defects inevitably. The efficiency of nucleic acid and antibody detection varies at different stages of disease progression of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). If the two can be used in combination and the results of the analysis can be comprehensively judged, they can be combined to monitor the viral load and disease progress better and improve the diagnostic efficiency. Based on the author's application experience, this article analyzes and interprets eight common modes of combined detection of nucleic acids and specific antibodies in order to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 34-38 [
摘要
] (
203
)
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(228 KB) (
105
)
39
Clinical Analysis on 205 Cases of COVID-19
Zhengfeng Lin, Yanfeng Shao
Objective
To understand basic features of the epidemic of novel coronavirus (COVID-19), and to provide a scientific basis for its prevention and to formulate reasonable measures for its prevention and control.
Methods
The history of epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory results, and imaging results of 205 cases of COVID-19 that were admitted and confirmed in the Third People's Hospital of Yichang city from January to March 2020 were collected, and a database was set up and a retrospective analysis was conducted.
Result
The mean age of the 205 confirmed cases was 56.0±16.2 years old. Most confirmed cases at the early phase had the contact history with Wuhan epidemic region; most confirmed cases at the later phase were from the local with unclear contact history; and most of these cases were of the general type and minor ailment. Using statistical analysis, the age, gender, occupation, and contact history all had no statistically significant correlation with the severity of the disease (
P
>0.05). There was a statistical significant correlation between the underlying diseases and the severity of the disease (
χ
2
=31,
P
<0.05).
Conclusion
Major clinical symptoms of the disease are fever and cough; critically ill patients were related to their underlying diseases; and procalcitonin had no reference value to the disease. Features of the disease include pneumonia, pleural thickening and adhesion, and increased lactic acid. So far, the epidemic at Yichang city has been under control, but the special emphasis on prevention and control still has to be made in the future.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 39-42 [
摘要
] (
165
)
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82
)
43
Discussion on Emergency Prevention and Control Management Scheme of Radiology Department During Novel Coronavirus Epidemic
Qiuxia Luo, Xiu Tan, Hongling Cheng
Since December 2019, epidemic cases of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection have continued to occur in many provinces and cities in China. The radiology department is the first-line department for primary image screening and auxiliary diagnosis, and theemergency prevention and control is particularly essential. This article summarizes and discusses our department's emergency prevention and control plan in response to the novel coronavirus epidemic. It is intended to provide references and guides for the management work of the radiology department against severe infectious diseases.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 43-46 [
摘要
] (
188
)
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(172 KB) (
88
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